PROBLEMS OF DEFINING THE CONCEPT OF “INSTITUTION OF POLITICAL EXPERTISE” IN FOREIGN SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE

Abstract

This article examines the problem of interpreting the concept of “Institute of Political Expertise” in foreign political science literature. The author reviews various approaches to the definition of the institution of political expertise, paying attention to the diversity of views and interpretations of this concept. The approaches of American, Canadian, British, Polish and German scholars to the interpretation of political expertise institutions are considered. The author of this research article makes an attempt to generalize the concept of “institution of political expertise”. When trying to define the term “institution of political expertise”, we face difficulties related to the translation of the term from English into Ukrainian. After all, despite attempts at translation, it has not been possible to preserve the original meaning and history associated with the emergence of this type of research group. The original name “think tank” was born during the Second World War, when American experts and military strategists worked on the concept of operations for the US Army in shelters or special premises. After the Second World War, think tanks moved from security operations to socio-economic policy. The aforementioned term associated with the US Army conceals the true nature of this type of institution, as the first organizations were established before the Second World War, some of them date back to the 19th century and were not American, but only in the post-war period did the institutes of political expertise gain their significance and final form.