THE CONCEPT OF «MOBILIZATION» IN MILITARY AND SOCIAL ASPECTS

Abstract

This article examines the concept of mobilization in both its military and social dimensions, emphasizing its growing relevance in the context of national security, civic engagement, and democratic resilience. Military mobilization is analyzed as a legally regulated process that ensures the systematic transformation of the economy, institutions, and human resources to operate effectively under wartime or emergency conditions.The article outlines the legal framework for mobilization in Ukraine, the constitutional and statutory duties of citizens, and the responsibilities of institutions in providing personnel and resources. The mechanisms of enforcement, penalties for non-compliance, and the role of local governance in mobilization procedures are discussed in detail.Simultaneously, the article explores social mobilization as a multifaceted process of activating civic participation, collective solidarity, and public initiative in response to political, economic, and social challenges. Drawing on the ideas of theorists such as P. Lazarsfeld, A. de Tocqueville, E. Jünger, and K. Marx, the study investigates mobilization as both a top-down instrument of state coordination and a bottom-up force of public agency. Particular attention is paid to the role of values, public trust, and social cohesion in shaping the success or failure of mobilization efforts.The research underscores that in a democratic society, mobilization should be based not only on obligation but also on voluntary participation, informed consent, and a shared sense of purpose. In the contemporary Ukrainian context, where external aggression and internal transformations intersect, the ability to mobilize society – both institutionally and organically – is vital for national survival and development.The article concludes that effective mobilization, whether military or social, requires coordinated policies, inclusive communication strategies, and a political culture that fosters responsibility, solidarity, and readiness to act in the public interest.