REALIA AS A PROBLEM IN CONTEMPORARY LINGUISTIC RESEARCH (BASED ON THE BRITISH VARIANT OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/folium/2026.8.14Keywords:
nationally marked lexicon, realia, translation, adaptation, cultural specificity, multimodality.Abstract
The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the realities of the British variant of the English language as a linguistic and cultural category, which is one of the central issues in contemporary translation studies. The relevance of the study is determined by the intensification of intercultural communication and the growth of British audiovisual content in the Ukrainian media space, which raises the issue of adequate reproduction of culturally specific units in translation. The object of the study is the realia that function in British audiovisual discourse, particularly in feature films and television series. The subject of analysis is their semantic structure, typological characteristics, and translation strategies for reproduction in Ukrainian, taking into account the multimodal organisation of the text. The aim of the article is to systematise theoretical approaches to defining the concept of ‘realia’, to clarify their status within the British cultural space and to identify patterns of functioning and translation in the context of audiovisual communication. The methodological basis of the study consists of descriptive, contextual and comparative-typological methods, as well as elements of sociosemiotic analysis, which involves the consideration of the verbal component in interaction with visual and auditory modes. The study found that the realities of the British variant of the English language are characterised by a multi-level semantic organisation that combines denotative, connotative and symbolic components and reflects the socio-historical specificity of British culture. It has been proven that in audiovisual texts, realities function as components of a multimodal semiotic ensemble, and their interpretation depends on the interaction of linguistic and non-linguistic means of expression. It has been found that in the context of subtitling and dubbing, translation decisions are determined not only by lexical and semantic factors, but also by the time and space constraints of the screen text, which actualises strategies of adaptation, pragmatic concretisation, reduction and compensation. The conclusion is made about the need for a comprehensive approach to the analysis of realities in the field of translation studies, which integrates linguistic, linguocultural and sociosemiotic levels of description and takes into account the specifics of the multimodal organisation of audiovisual discourse.
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